Phosphatase Subfamily MTMR6 - Revision history

Gerard at 19:56, 10 July 2017

2017-07-10T19:56:15Z

Gerard at 13:49, 9 September 2016

2016-09-09T13:49:17Z

Gerard: /* Catalytic activity and functions */

2016-09-09T13:48:24Z

‎Catalytic activity and functions

Gerard: /* Evolution */

2016-09-09T13:47:50Z

‎Evolution

Mark: /* Gain and loss of FYVE domain */

2015-06-25T20:39:40Z

‎Gain and loss of FYVE domain

Mark at 20:37, 25 June 2015

2015-06-25T20:37:21Z

Mark at 20:37, 25 June 2015

2015-06-25T20:37:09Z

Mark: /* References */

2015-06-25T20:36:22Z

‎References

Mark: /* Domain Structure */

2015-06-25T20:30:43Z

‎Domain Structure

Mark: /* Domain Structure */

2015-06-25T20:30:28Z

‎Domain Structure

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[Phosphatase classification|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_CC1|Fold CC1]]: [[Phosphatase_Superfamily_CC1|Superfamily CC1]]:  [[Phosphatase_Family_Myotubularin|Family Myotubularin]]: [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_MTMR6|Subfamily MTMR6]]
@@ Line 4: / Line 5: @@
 ===Evolution===
-MTMR6 subfamily is found throughout holozoa. The three human members are MTMR6, MTMR7 and MTMR8. Other metazoa such as Drosophila and ''C elegans'' have a single member.
+MTMR6 is found throughout holozoa. The three human members are MTMR6, MTMR7 and MTMR8. Other metazoa such as Drosophila and ''C elegans'' have a single member.
 ===Domain Structure===
@@ Line 11: / Line 12: @@
 The GRAM domain is similar to PH domain in structure and is found in membrane-associated proteins. As shown in [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_MTMR3|MTMR3 subfamily]], PH/GRAM domain can bind to phosphoinositide lipids. But, in the case of human MTMR6, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rab_(G-protein) small GTPase Rab1B] interacts with MTMR6 via PH/GRAM domain, and therefore regulates cellular localization in the early secretory and autophagic pathways <cite>Mochizuki13</cite>.
-Most invertebrate metazoa MTMR6s have an additional FYVE domain at C-terminal. These organisms include basal metazoa like sponge, basal eumetazoa like nematostella, protostomes, invertebrate chordates like sea urchin. The FYVE domain is absent from vertebrates and choanoflagellida like monosiga. Given the phylogeny distribution of FYVE domain, it is probably MTMR6 emerged in holozoa, then gained FYVE domain in metazoa, which was lost in vertebrates (see technical notes).
+Most invertebrate metazoa MTMR6s have an additional FYVE domain at C-terminal. These range from sponge and anemone to the sea urchin. The FYVE domain is absent from vertebrates and choanoflagellates. This suggests that MTMR6 emerged in holozoa, then gained FYVE domain in metazoa, and lost it in vertebrates (see technical notes).
 FYVE is also found in another myotubularin subfamily, [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_MTMR3|MTMR3]]. The function of FYVE in invertebrate metazoa is unclear. The FYVE domain of MTMR3 neither confers endosomal localisation nor binds to the lipid PtdIns3P, and is not required for in vitro enzyme activity of MTMR3.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[Phosphatase classification|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_CC1|Fold CC1]]: [[Phosphatase_Superfamily_CC1|Superfamily CC1]]:  [[Phosphatase_Family_Myotubularin|Family Myotubularin]]: [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_MTMR6|Subfamily MTMR6]]
-MTMR6 is a phosphoinositide phosphatase found in holozoan. Its enzymatic activity is regulated by [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_MTMR9|MTMR9]].
+MTMR6 is a phosphoinositide phosphatase found in holozoa. Its enzymatic activity is regulated by [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_MTMR9|MTMR9]].
 ===Evolution===

@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 ===Catalytic activity and functions===
-The enzymatic activity of all three human MTMR6s are up-regulated by pseudophosphatase MTMR9 through protein interactions <cite>zou09, Mochizuki03, zou12</cite>. The interaction between MTMR9 and MTMR6 subfamily is also observed in C elegans <cite>marie10</cite>.
+The enzymatic activity of all three human MTMR6s are up-regulated by pseudophosphatase MTMR9 through protein interactions <cite>zou09, Mochizuki03, zou12</cite>. The interaction between MTMR9 and MTMR6 subfamily is also observed in C. elegans <cite>marie10</cite>.
 Though all of MTMR6, MTMR7 and MTMR8 are 3-phosphatase, they have different preferences of substrates. MTMR6/R9 complex that regulates PtdIns (3, 5)P2 levels and thereby affects apoptosis; MTMR8/R9 complex down-regulates the levels of PthIns(3)P and blocks the autophagic process <cite>zou09, zou12</cite>; MTMR7/MTMR9 dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and Ins(1,3)P2 in neuronal cells <cite>Mochizuki03</cite>.

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 ===Evolution===
-MTMR6 subfamily is found throughout holozoan. Human and most if not all vertebrates has three members per genome: MTMR6, MTMR7 and MTMR8. Other metazoan such as fruit fly and ''C elegans'' has a single member.
+MTMR6 subfamily is found throughout holozoa. The three human members are MTMR6, MTMR7 and MTMR8. Other metazoa such as Drosophila and ''C elegans'' have a single member.
 ===Domain Structure===

@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 === Technical notes ===
 ===== Gain and loss of FYVE domain =====
-We first noticed the presence of FYVE domain in invertebrate metazoa in the nine genomes in phosphatome.net database. To clarify the evolutionary history of the FYVE domain in MTMR6 subfamily, we obtained the sequences of 256 MTMR6s of 203 eukaryotes in our internal orthology database and searched FYVE domain using Pfam web server (e-value threshold 1.0). We found the FYVE domain in MTMR6s of basal metazoa like sponge, basal eumetazoa like nematostella, protostomes, invertebrate chordates like sea urchin. The FYVE domain is absent from vertebrates and choanoflagellida like monosiga.
+We first noticed the presence of FYVE domain in invertebrate metazoa in the nine genomes in phosphatome.net database. To clarify the evolutionary history of the FYVE domain in MTMR6 subfamily, we obtained the sequences of [http://resdev.gene.com/gOrtholog/view/cluster/MC0001110/sequence/fasta 256 MTMR6s of 203 eukaryotes] in our internal orthology database and searched FYVE domain using Pfam web server (e-value threshold 1.0). We found the FYVE domain in MTMR6s of basal metazoa like sponge, basal eumetazoa like nematostella, protostomes, invertebrate chordates like sea urchin. The FYVE domain is absent from vertebrates and choanoflagellida like monosiga.

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:37, 25 June 2015
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	~~__NOTOC__~~
−
	[[Phosphatase classification\|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_CC1\|Fold CC1]]: [[Phosphatase_Superfamily_CC1\|Superfamily CC1]]: [[Phosphatase_Family_Myotubularin\|Family Myotubularin]]: [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_MTMR6\|Subfamily MTMR6]]		[[Phosphatase classification\|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_CC1\|Fold CC1]]: [[Phosphatase_Superfamily_CC1\|Superfamily CC1]]: [[Phosphatase_Family_Myotubularin\|Family Myotubularin]]: [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_MTMR6\|Subfamily MTMR6]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:36, 25 June 2015
Line 34:		Line 34:
	#Srivastava05 pmid=15831468		#Srivastava05 pmid=15831468
	</biblio>		</biblio>
		+
		+	=== Technical notes ===
		+	===== Gain and loss of FYVE domain =====
		+	We first noticed the presence of FYVE domain in invertebrate metazoa in the nine genomes in phosphatome.net database. To clarify the evolutionary history of the FYVE domain in MTMR6 subfamily, we obtained the sequences of 256 MTMR6s of 203 eukaryotes in our internal orthology database and searched FYVE domain using Pfam web server (e-value threshold 1.0). We found

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 The GRAM domain is similar to PH domain in structure and is found in membrane-associated proteins. As shown in [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_MTMR3|MTMR3 subfamily]], PH/GRAM domain can bind to phosphoinositide lipids. But, in the case of human MTMR6, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rab_(G-protein) small GTPase Rab1B] interacts with MTMR6 via PH/GRAM domain, and therefore regulates cellular localization in the early secretory and autophagic pathways <cite>Mochizuki13</cite>.
-Most if not all non-vertebrate metazoan MTMR6 has an additional FYVE domain, which is also found in [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_MTMR3|MTMR3 subfamily]]. In MTMR3, FYVE domain neither confers endosomal localisation nor binds to the lipid PtdIns3P, and is not required for in vitro enzyme activity of MTMR3. But, its function in non-vertebrate MTMR6 is unclear.
+Most invertebrate metazoa MTMR6s have an additional FYVE domain at C-terminal. These organisms include basal metazoa like sponge, basal eumetazoa like nematostella, protostomes, invertebrate chordates like sea urchin. The FYVE domain is absent from vertebrates and choanoflagellida like monosiga. Given the phylogeny distribution of FYVE domain, it is probably MTMR6 emerged in holozoa, then gained FYVE domain in metazoa, which was lost in vertebrates.
 ===Catalytic activity and functions===