Phosphatase classification

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Phosphatases were first clustered by sequence similarity in the phosphatase domain, and additional information from domains outside of the catalytic domain, from evolutionary conservation, and from known functions was added. The result is a hybrid classification, in which no criterion is universally satisfied, but aims to be of practical use to a range of phosphatase interests. The classification grows as new phosphatomes are sequenced.

Classification Chart of Protein Phosphatases

Fold Superfamily Family Substrate Present in human
CC1 CC1 PTP pTyr Yes
DSP pTyr, pSer/pThr, small molecule Yes
PTEN lipid Yes
Myotubularin lipid Yes
SAC lipid Yes
Paladin inactive Yes
OCA  ?
CC2 CC2 LMWPTP pTyr Yes
SSU72 pSer Yes
ArsC Arsenate
CC3 CC3 CDC25 pTyr, pThr Yes
HAD HAD EYA pTyr Yes
FCP pSer Yes
NagD pTyr, pSer Yes
PPPL PPPL PPP pSer/pThr Yes
PAP  ? Yes
PPM PPM PPM pSer/pThr Yes
AP AP AP pTyr, perhaps pSer/pThr Yes
HP HP HP1 pTyr, pSer/pThr Yes
HP2 pTyr, small molecules Yes
PHP PHP PHP pHis Yes
RTR1 RTR1 RTR1 pSer of CTD repeats Yes

Synonymns: CC3, Rhodanese; PPM, PP2C.

Abbreviations: CC1, Cysteine-based Class I; CC2, Cysteine-based Class II; CC3, Cysteine-based Class III; MTDP, MeTallo-Dependent Phosphatase; PAP, Purple Acid Phosphatase; AP, Alkaline Phosphatase; HP, Histidine Phosphatase; HP1, Histidine Phosphatase, branch 1; HP2, Histidine Phosphatase, branch 2; CTD, RNA Poly II C-Terminal Domain.

Notes of classification

PTPLA is a dubious phosphatase

Notes on the PTPLA/PTP-like family that was claimed to be a phosphatase, but probably is not.

Non-protein phosphatases

Some phosphatases only dephosphorylate non-protein substrates, as far as known.

Other Classification Schemes