View source for Human Protein Phosphatase Pseudogene


== Functions ==
Almost all of the pseudogenes are functional unknown, but they may have certain functions. The best example is PTENP1, which is a processed pseudogene of PTEN and regulates PTEN by both sense and antisense RNAs. DUSP5P1 may be also functional, as implicated by that it is highly expressed in Hodgkin's lymphoma cell line L-1236 but not in normal blood cells or Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cells. Besides, there are putative disease-related SNPs within or adjacent to the regions of the pseudogenes, as found by genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

== List of pseudogenes ==
The notes are last updated on 10/08/2015.

* PGAM1Ps
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP759|PGAM1P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP760|PGAM1P10]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP761|PGAM1P11]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP762|PGAM1P12]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP763|PGAM1P13]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP764|PGAM1P14]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP765|PGAM1P2]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP766|PGAM1P3]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP767|PGAM1P4]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP768|PGAM1P5]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP769|PGAM1P6]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP770|PGAM1P7]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP771|PGAM1P8]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP772|PGAM1P9]]

* TPTE2Ps
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP727|LOC400927]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP728|TPTE2P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP729|TPTE2P2]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP730|TPTE2P3]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP731|TPTE2P4]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP732|TPTE2P5]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP733|TPTE2P6]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP734|TPTE2P7]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP735|TPTE2P8]]

* SSU72Ps 
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP747|SSU72P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP748|SSU72P2]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP749|SSU72P3]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP750|SSU72P4]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP751|SSU72P5]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP752|SSU72P6]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP753|SSU72P7]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP754|SSU72P8]]

* PTP4A1Ps (PRL1 pseudogenes)
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP712|PTP4A1P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP713|PTP4A1P3]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP714|PTP4A1P4]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP715|PTP4A1P5]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP716|PTP4A1P6]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP717|PTP4A1P7]]

* DUSP8Ps
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP707|DUSP8P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP708|DUSP8P2]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP709|DUSP8P3]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP710|DUSP8P4]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP711|DUSP8P5]]

* PTP4A2Ps (PRL2 pseudogenes)
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP718|PTP4A2P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP719|PTP4A2P2]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP720|PTP4A2P3]]

* PTPN11Ps (SHP-2 pseudogenes): none of the three is included in Entrez database. 
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP742|PTPN11P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP743|PTPN11P2]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP744|PTPN11P3]]

* DULLARD pseudogenes
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP756|CTDNEP1P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP757|CTDNEP1P2]]

* PGAM4Ps
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP773|PGAM4P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP774|PGAM4P2]]

* MTMR5/SBF1 pseudogenes
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP722|SBF1P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP723|SBF1P2]]

* CDC14
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP701|CDC14C]]: emerged through retroposition in the hominoid ancestor 18-25 million years ago
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP702|CDC14BL]]: originates from pseudogene CDC14C

* DUSP5Ps
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP703|DUSP5P1]]: highly expressed in Hodgkin's lymphoma cell line L-1236 but not in normal blood cells or Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cells
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP704|DUSP5P2]]

* PTPN2Ps
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP737|PTPN2P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP738|PTPN2P2]]

* ACP1Ps
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP745|ACP1P1]]
** [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP746|ACP1P3]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP721|RNGTTP1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP705|DUSP12P1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP706|DUSP3P1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP724|MTMR9LP]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP725|PTENP1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP726|TPTEP1]]:  5' part of psiTPTE22 has no sequence similarity to TPTE and contains a 3.8-kb human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) element.

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP736|PTPRVP]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP739|PTPN20CP]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP740|PTPN4P1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP741|SHPP1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP758|CTDSP2P1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP755|CTDSPL2P1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP775|PGAM5P1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP776|PPIP5K1P1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP777|PPP2CAP1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP778|PPP2CBP1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP779|PPP6CP]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP780|PPM1AP1]]

* [[Phosphatase_Gene_HsapP781|RPAP2P1]]