Difference between revisions of "Phosphatase Superfamily AP"
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[[Phosphatase classification|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_AP|Fold AP]]: [[Phosphatase_Superfamily_AP|Superfamily AP]] (Alkaline phosphatase) | [[Phosphatase classification|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_AP|Fold AP]]: [[Phosphatase_Superfamily_AP|Superfamily AP]] (Alkaline phosphatase) | ||
| − | ===Alkaline phosphatase | + | Alkaline phosphatase is a conserved phosphatase that has a broad of substrates, including proteins. It is used in [http://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/alp/tab/test/ clinical lab test], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_phosphatase diary industry and biomedical research]. |
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| + | === Evolution === | ||
| + | Alkaline phosphatases are found in metazoa, fungi, some protists, and bacteria, but are absent from most plants. They belong to the alkaline phosphatase-like fold ([http://scop.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/scop/data/scop.b.d.bah.A.html SCOP]), which contains other enzymes, such as phosphoesterases and sulfatases. | ||
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| + | === Functions === | ||
Alkaline phosphatases are a superfamily ([http://pfam.xfam.org/family/PF00245 Pfam]) with a wide variety of substrates, possibly including phosphoproteins. There are four human alkaline phosphatases, named by their tissue expression: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/248 ALPI] (alkaline phosphatase, intestinal), [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/250 ALPP] (alkaline phosphatase, placental), [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/251 ALPPL2] (alkaline phosphatase, placental-like 2), and [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/249 ALPL] (alkaline phosphatase, liver/bone/kidneytissue). Early reports found that ALPL and ALPI can dephosphorylate Histone H2A <cite>Swarup, Chan</cite> and that PLAP is a protein tyrosine phosphatase <cite>Telfer</cite>, but their physiological relevance as protein phosphatases is still unclear. | Alkaline phosphatases are a superfamily ([http://pfam.xfam.org/family/PF00245 Pfam]) with a wide variety of substrates, possibly including phosphoproteins. There are four human alkaline phosphatases, named by their tissue expression: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/248 ALPI] (alkaline phosphatase, intestinal), [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/250 ALPP] (alkaline phosphatase, placental), [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/251 ALPPL2] (alkaline phosphatase, placental-like 2), and [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/249 ALPL] (alkaline phosphatase, liver/bone/kidneytissue). Early reports found that ALPL and ALPI can dephosphorylate Histone H2A <cite>Swarup, Chan</cite> and that PLAP is a protein tyrosine phosphatase <cite>Telfer</cite>, but their physiological relevance as protein phosphatases is still unclear. | ||
| − | + | === Family === | |
| + | It has a single [[Phosphatase_Family_AP|family AP]] and [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_AP|subfamily AP]]. | ||
===References=== | ===References=== | ||
Latest revision as of 15:47, 5 January 2015
Phosphatase Classification: Fold AP: Superfamily AP (Alkaline phosphatase)
Alkaline phosphatase is a conserved phosphatase that has a broad of substrates, including proteins. It is used in clinical lab test, diary industry and biomedical research.
Contents
[hide]Evolution
Alkaline phosphatases are found in metazoa, fungi, some protists, and bacteria, but are absent from most plants. They belong to the alkaline phosphatase-like fold (SCOP), which contains other enzymes, such as phosphoesterases and sulfatases.
Functions
Alkaline phosphatases are a superfamily (Pfam) with a wide variety of substrates, possibly including phosphoproteins. There are four human alkaline phosphatases, named by their tissue expression: ALPI (alkaline phosphatase, intestinal), ALPP (alkaline phosphatase, placental), ALPPL2 (alkaline phosphatase, placental-like 2), and ALPL (alkaline phosphatase, liver/bone/kidneytissue). Early reports found that ALPL and ALPI can dephosphorylate Histone H2A [1, 2] and that PLAP is a protein tyrosine phosphatase [3], but their physiological relevance as protein phosphatases is still unclear.
Family
It has a single family AP and subfamily AP.
References
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