Difference between revisions of "Phosphatase Subfamily PPP2C"
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[[Phosphatase classification|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_PPP|Fold MTDP]]: [[Phosphatase_Superfamily_PPP|Superfamily PPP]]: [[Phosphatase_Family_PPP|Family PPP]]: [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_PPP2C|Subfamily PPP2C (PP2A)]] | [[Phosphatase classification|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_PPP|Fold MTDP]]: [[Phosphatase_Superfamily_PPP|Superfamily PPP]]: [[Phosphatase_Family_PPP|Family PPP]]: [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_PPP2C|Subfamily PPP2C (PP2A)]] | ||
| − | PPP2C is the catalytic subunit of holoenzyme PP2A. PP2A holoenzymes are heterotrimers consisting of | + | PPP2C is the catalytic subunit of holoenzyme PP2A. PP2A holoenzymes are heterotrimers consisting of a core dimer of two subunits catalytic subunit (C) and regulatory subunit A (PR65), and a third regulatory subunit B-type <cite>janssens08</cite>. Multiple genes encode each subunits, which resulting in a total of about 75 different holoenzyme compositions <cite>janssens05</cite>. |
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===Evolution=== | ===Evolution=== | ||
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===Functions=== | ===Functions=== | ||
| − | + | PP2A accounts for the majority of phospho-serine/threonine phosphatase activity in most cells and is involved in the regulation of nearly every cellular process, including different signaling pathways, cell cycle progression, DNA replication, gene transcription and protein translation <cite>janssens01 sontag01</cite>. It is considered to be a principal guardian against tumorigenic transformation. Some viruses target this protein to hijack the host cell. | |
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PPP2C controls the activity of at least 50 different kinases by directly interaction or linked via a anchoring protein. PPP2C not only integrate signals within phoshorylation cascades but also to be the focal point of a distinct post-translational modification, reversible protein methylation. | PPP2C controls the activity of at least 50 different kinases by directly interaction or linked via a anchoring protein. PPP2C not only integrate signals within phoshorylation cascades but also to be the focal point of a distinct post-translational modification, reversible protein methylation. | ||
| − | + | ||
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===References=== | ===References=== | ||
<biblio> | <biblio> | ||
#janssens08 pmid=18291659 | #janssens08 pmid=18291659 | ||
| + | #janssens05 pmid=15661531 | ||
| + | #janssens01 pmid=11171037 | ||
| + | #sontag01 pmid=11257442 | ||
</biblio> | </biblio> | ||
Revision as of 20:07, 17 December 2014
Phosphatase Classification: Fold MTDP: Superfamily PPP: Family PPP: Subfamily PPP2C (PP2A)
PPP2C is the catalytic subunit of holoenzyme PP2A. PP2A holoenzymes are heterotrimers consisting of a core dimer of two subunits catalytic subunit (C) and regulatory subunit A (PR65), and a third regulatory subunit B-type [1]. Multiple genes encode each subunits, which resulting in a total of about 75 different holoenzyme compositions [2].
Evolution
PPP2C subfamily is found throughout eukaryotes. Human has two PPP2C: PPP2CA and PPP2CB. In most bilateria, it has a single copy, such as worm, fruit fly and sea urchin. In yeast, it has two copies: PPH21 and PPH22.
Functions
PP2A accounts for the majority of phospho-serine/threonine phosphatase activity in most cells and is involved in the regulation of nearly every cellular process, including different signaling pathways, cell cycle progression, DNA replication, gene transcription and protein translation [3, 4]. It is considered to be a principal guardian against tumorigenic transformation. Some viruses target this protein to hijack the host cell.
PPP2C controls the activity of at least 50 different kinases by directly interaction or linked via a anchoring protein. PPP2C not only integrate signals within phoshorylation cascades but also to be the focal point of a distinct post-translational modification, reversible protein methylation.
References
- Janssens V, Longin S, and Goris J. PP2A holoenzyme assembly: in cauda venenum (the sting is in the tail). Trends Biochem Sci. 2008 Mar;33(3):113-21. DOI:10.1016/j.tibs.2007.12.004 |
- Janssens V, Goris J, and Van Hoof C. PP2A: the expected tumor suppressor. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2005 Feb;15(1):34-41. DOI:10.1016/j.gde.2004.12.004 |
- Janssens V and Goris J. Protein phosphatase 2A: a highly regulated family of serine/threonine phosphatases implicated in cell growth and signalling. Biochem J. 2001 Feb 1;353(Pt 3):417-39. DOI:10.1042/0264-6021:3530417 |
- Sontag E. Protein phosphatase 2A: the Trojan Horse of cellular signaling. Cell Signal. 2001 Jan;13(1):7-16. DOI:10.1016/s0898-6568(00)00123-6 |
