Phosphatase Subfamily PTPRG

Phosphatase Classification: Superfamily CC1: Family PTP: Subfamily PTPRG

PTPRG is a receptor PTP family involved in metazoan neural development and maybe cancer.

Evolution

PTPRG is found in eumetazoans, typically single-copy, but expanded to two genes, PTPRG and PTPRZ in human and other vertebrates.

Domain Structure

These are receptor PTPs with dual intracellular catalytic domains. The extracellular domain contains at least one FN3 domain. Vertebrate members have a catalytically inactive carbonic anhydrase (CA) domain, while most invertebrates, including one invertebrate chordate, have additional Ig and FN3 repeats instead. The CA domain acts as a receptor for members of the contactin family of neural cell adhesion molecules [1].

Functions

The vertebrate forms are expressed in brain and involved in cell adhesion. Drosophila ptp99a is also selectively expressed and functions in the nervous system, interacting with other RPTPs, including Dlar and ptp69D.

PTPRG is suggested to be a tumor suppressor due to it's frequent loss or decreased expression in a number of cancer types.

References

1. Bouyain S and Watkins DJ. The protein tyrosine phosphatases PTPRZ and PTPRG bind to distinct members of the contactin family of neural recognition molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Feb 9;107(6):2443-8. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0911235107 |