Phosphatase Family PTEN
Phosphatase Classification: Superfamily CC1: Family PTEN
PTEN
PTEN subfamily
PTEN subfamily is named after its single member in human, PTEN, which acts as a phosphatase to dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PtdIns (3,4,5)P3 or PIP3). PTEN is one of the most commonly lost tumor suppressors in human cancer. It is found throughout eukaryotes (unpublished data from gOrtholog).
VSP subfamily
The Voltage Sensitive Phosphatase (VSP) members consist of a voltage sensor consisting of four transmembrane segments, in addition to phosphatase domain and C2 domain. It has two members in human, TPTE and TPTE2 (TPIP), but TPTE is a pseudophosphatase. The subfamily is conserved in holozoa but absent from nematodes and most arthropods. It usually has a single copy in each species, and the two human copies appear to be a primate duplication.
Tensin subfamily
Tensin subfamily consists three tensins in human, TNS1, TNS3 and TENC1/TNS2. TNS4 is a distant relative but lacks a phosphatase domain. The subfamily is found in holozoa.
Auxilin subfamily
Inactive phosphatases that bind phospholipids during clathrin-coated vesicle formation and uncoating. Most also have a kinase domain.
References
- Dickinson RJ and Keyse SM. Diverse physiological functions for dual-specificity MAP kinase phosphatases. J Cell Sci. 2006 Nov 15;119(Pt 22):4607-15. DOI:10.1242/jcs.03266 |
- Reiterer V, Fey D, Kolch W, Kholodenko BN, and Farhan H. Pseudophosphatase STYX modulates cell-fate decisions and cell migration by spatiotemporal regulation of ERK1/2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jul 30;110(31):E2934-43. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1301985110 |
- Mocciaro A and Schiebel E. Cdc14: a highly conserved family of phosphatases with non-conserved functions?. J Cell Sci. 2010 Sep 1;123(Pt 17):2867-76. DOI:10.1242/jcs.074815 |
