Difference between revisions of "Phosphatase Subfamily PAPL"

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[[Phosphatase classification|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_MTDP|Fold MTDP]]:[[Phosphatase_Superfamily_MTDP|Superfamily MTDP]]: [[Phosphatase_Family_PAP|Family PAP]]: [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_PAPL|PAPL]]
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__NOTOC__
 
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[[Phosphatase classification|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_PPPL|Fold PPPL]]: [[Phosphatase_Superfamily_PPPL|Superfamily PPPL]]: [[Phosphatase_Family_PAP|Family PAP]]: [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_PAPL|PAPL]]
 
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=== Evolution ===
 
=== Evolution ===
PAPL subfamily is found in [[Phosphatase_Glossary#Holozoa|holozoa]] but lost from most arthropods. Humans have a single member, PAPL, but many invertebrates have multiple members. Each of sea urchin, nematostella, sponge and monosiga has three members, but there is no evidence that supports they belong to any double-conserved synteny (see [http://www.genomicus.biologie.ens.fr/genomicus-metazoa-25.01/cgi-bin/phyloview.pl?root=1004984&id=1005002&xhide=2:41:9:59:1:55:29:24:25:45:27:42:13:4:58:-1004984:49:56:7:33:38:51&xcollapse=-1004984& Genomicus] and/or search the genes in genome browsers). The sponge copies arrange as a tandem of three PAPLs, while the copies locate in different scaffolds in sea urchin, nematostella and monosiga.
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PAPL is found in [[Phosphatase_Glossary#Holozoa|holozoa]] but lost from most arthropods. Humans have a single member, PAPL (aka ACP7, PAPL1), but many invertebrates have multiple members, including 3 members each in Monosiga, Nematostella, sponge, and sea urchin. These appear to be independent expansions by protein sequence similarity, and in sea urchin, they form a tandem duplication cluster.
  
 
=== Domain Structure ===
 
=== Domain Structure ===
PAPL has a phosphatase domain and a signal peptide cleavage site on N-terminus. Though predicted to be secreted, human PAPL is found mostly in the cytoplasm (http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000183760-PAPL/tissue).
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PAPL has a phosphatase domain and most members have an N-terminal signal peptide cleavage site. Though predicted to be secreted, human PAPL is found mostly in the cytoplasm (http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000183760-PAPL/tissue).
  
 
=== Function ===
 
=== Function ===
Unclear.
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PAPL function is unclear. There may be some confusion in the literature, as PAPL/ACP7 may be confused with another PAP family member, ACP5, both of which are putative secreted proteins. The structural similarity between PAPL and ACP5 has been explored <cite>Flanagan</cite>.
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===References===
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<biblio>
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#Flanagan pmid=16793224
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</biblio>

Latest revision as of 01:16, 26 October 2016

Phosphatase Classification: Fold PPPL: Superfamily PPPL: Family PAP: PAPL

Evolution

PAPL is found in holozoa but lost from most arthropods. Humans have a single member, PAPL (aka ACP7, PAPL1), but many invertebrates have multiple members, including 3 members each in Monosiga, Nematostella, sponge, and sea urchin. These appear to be independent expansions by protein sequence similarity, and in sea urchin, they form a tandem duplication cluster.

Domain Structure

PAPL has a phosphatase domain and most members have an N-terminal signal peptide cleavage site. Though predicted to be secreted, human PAPL is found mostly in the cytoplasm (http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000183760-PAPL/tissue).

Function

PAPL function is unclear. There may be some confusion in the literature, as PAPL/ACP7 may be confused with another PAP family member, ACP5, both of which are putative secreted proteins. The structural similarity between PAPL and ACP5 has been explored [1].

References

  1. Flanagan JU, Cassady AI, Schenk G, Guddat LW, and Hume DA. Identification and molecular modeling of a novel, plant-like, human purple acid phosphatase. Gene. 2006 Aug 1;377:12-20. DOI:10.1016/j.gene.2006.02.031 | PubMed ID:16793224 | HubMed [Flanagan]