Difference between revisions of "Phosphatase Subfamily PPP4C"
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| − | [[Phosphatase classification|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_MTDP|Fold MTDP]]: [[Phosphatase_Superfamily_MTDP|Superfamily MTDP]]: [[Phosphatase_Family_PPP|Family PPP]]: [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_PPP4C|Subfamily PPP4C]] | + | [[Phosphatase classification|Phosphatase Classification]]: [[Phosphatase_Fold_MTDP|Fold MTDP]]: [[Phosphatase_Superfamily_MTDP|Superfamily MTDP]]: [[Phosphatase_Family_PPP|Family PPP]]: [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_PPP4C|Subfamily PPP4C]] (catalytic subunit of PP4 holoenzyme) |
=== Evolution === | === Evolution === | ||
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PPP4C, catalytic subunit of Protein Phosphatase 4 (PP4) holoenzyme, is closely related to PPP2C, the catalytic subunit of PP2A holoenzyme. Like PP1 and PP2A, holoenzyme PP4 consists of the catalytic subunit and one or two regulatory subunits. At least 6 different holoenzyme complexes have been found. | PPP4C, catalytic subunit of Protein Phosphatase 4 (PP4) holoenzyme, is closely related to PPP2C, the catalytic subunit of PP2A holoenzyme. Like PP1 and PP2A, holoenzyme PP4 consists of the catalytic subunit and one or two regulatory subunits. At least 6 different holoenzyme complexes have been found. | ||
| − | Mammal PP4 participates in a number of processes essential for normal cellular physiology, including microtubule organization, homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair, the DNA damage response, histone modification, apoptosis, immunoglobulin (Ig) VDJ recombination, pre-TCR signaling, TNF signaling, Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 signaling, and NF-κB regulation. Germline deletion of PP4 in mice is embryonic lethal, and conditional deletion of PP4 specifically in murine T cells severely impairs T cell development | + | Mammal PP4 participates in a number of processes essential for normal cellular physiology, including microtubule organization, homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair, the DNA damage response, histone modification, apoptosis, immunoglobulin (Ig) VDJ recombination, pre-TCR signaling, TNF signaling, Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 signaling, and NF-κB regulation. Germline deletion of PP4 in mice is embryonic lethal, and conditional deletion of PP4 specifically in murine T cells severely impairs T cell development (see introduction in <cite>chen14</cite>). |
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| + | PPP4C is implicated in cancer. For instance, high expression of PPP4C is associated with the aggressive malignant behavior of colorectal carcinoma <cite>Li15</cite>. | ||
PP4 dephoshorylate the phophorylated histone 2A variant, γ-H2AX, a marker for DNA damage and cell-cycle arrest. Interestingly, PP2A also dephosphorylates γ-H2AX. | PP4 dephoshorylate the phophorylated histone 2A variant, γ-H2AX, a marker for DNA damage and cell-cycle arrest. Interestingly, PP2A also dephosphorylates γ-H2AX. | ||
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<biblio> | <biblio> | ||
#chen14 pmid=25215539 | #chen14 pmid=25215539 | ||
| + | #Li15 pmid=25927939 | ||
#sato14 pmid=25340746 | #sato14 pmid=25340746 | ||
</biblio> | </biblio> | ||
Revision as of 15:01, 1 May 2015
Phosphatase Classification: Fold MTDP: Superfamily MTDP: Family PPP: Subfamily PPP4C (catalytic subunit of PP4 holoenzyme)
Contents
Evolution
PPP4C is found in opisthokonta, amoebazoa and plants.
Domain
PPP4C has a single domain - phosphatase domain.
Functions
PPP4C, catalytic subunit of Protein Phosphatase 4 (PP4) holoenzyme, is closely related to PPP2C, the catalytic subunit of PP2A holoenzyme. Like PP1 and PP2A, holoenzyme PP4 consists of the catalytic subunit and one or two regulatory subunits. At least 6 different holoenzyme complexes have been found.
Mammal PP4 participates in a number of processes essential for normal cellular physiology, including microtubule organization, homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair, the DNA damage response, histone modification, apoptosis, immunoglobulin (Ig) VDJ recombination, pre-TCR signaling, TNF signaling, Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 signaling, and NF-κB regulation. Germline deletion of PP4 in mice is embryonic lethal, and conditional deletion of PP4 specifically in murine T cells severely impairs T cell development (see introduction in [1]).
PPP4C is implicated in cancer. For instance, high expression of PPP4C is associated with the aggressive malignant behavior of colorectal carcinoma [2].
PP4 dephoshorylate the phophorylated histone 2A variant, γ-H2AX, a marker for DNA damage and cell-cycle arrest. Interestingly, PP2A also dephosphorylates γ-H2AX.
PP4 in C. elegans is involved in M prophase, perhaps through dephosphorylate SUN-1 protein that is normally phosphorylated during the transition zone and early pachytene [3].
References
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Error fetching PMID 25340746:
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- Error fetching PMID 25927939:
- Error fetching PMID 25340746:
