Difference between revisions of "Phosphatase Gene PPM1E"

Latest revision as of 05:02, 6 May 2014

Phosphatase Classification: Superfamily PPM (PP2C): Family PPM (PP2C): Subfamily PPM1E: Gene PPM1E

PPM1E (also known as POXP1, PP2CH, caMKN, CaMKP-N).

PPM1E and another phosphatase of this subfamily PPM1F (also known as POXP2, CAMKP, FEM-2, hFEM-2, CaMKPase) dephosphorylate and regulate multifunctional Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs). PPM1E dephosphorylates CaMKIV and nuclear CaMKII, whereas PPM1F dephosphorylates CaMKI and cytosolic CaMKII. their localizations are different [1]. PPM1E is localized in the nucleus, whereas PPM1F is localized in the cytosol. PPM1E contains two NLSs, NLS1 and NLS2, at the C-terminus. A cluster of basic residues in the NLSs is important for their function. NLS1 and NLS2 function independently, but mutagenesis analysis suggests that these NLSs interact with each other [2].

PPM1E and PPM1F also dephoshorylate p21 (Cdc42/Rac)- activated kinase PAK [3].

PPM1E and PPM1F also dephosphorylate 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) [4]. The activation of AMPK is related to the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

A patent shows PPM1E proteins and nucleic acids as targets for neurodegenerative diseases.

References

1. Takeuchi M, Ishida A, Kameshita I, Kitani T, Okuno S, and Fujisawa H. Identification and characterization of CaMKP-N, nuclear calmodulin-dependent protein kinase phosphatase. J Biochem. 2001 Dec;130(6):833-40. DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a003055 | PubMed ID:11726284 | HubMed [Takeuchi01]
2. Takeuchi M, Taniguchi T, and Fujisawa H. Identification and characterization of nuclear localization signals of CaMKP-N. J Biochem. 2004 Aug;136(2):183-8. DOI:10.1093/jb/mvh109 | PubMed ID:15496589 | HubMed [Takeuchi04]
3. Koh CG, Tan EJ, Manser E, and Lim L. The p21-activated kinase PAK is negatively regulated by POPX1 and POPX2, a pair of serine/threonine phosphatases of the PP2C family. Curr Biol. 2002 Feb 19;12(4):317-21. DOI:10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00652-8 | PubMed ID:11864573 | HubMed [Koh02]
4. Voss M, Paterson J, Kelsall IR, Martín-Granados C, Hastie CJ, Peggie MW, and Cohen PT. Ppm1E is an in cellulo AMP-activated protein kinase phosphatase. Cell Signal. 2011 Jan;23(1):114-24. DOI:10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.08.010 | PubMed ID:20801214 | HubMed [Voss12]