Difference between revisions of "Phosphatase Subfamily PRL"

Revision as of 16:36, 27 October 2016

Phosphatase Classification: Fold CC1: Superfamily CC1: Family DSP: Subfamily PRL (PTP4A)

Evolution

PRL is present in animals, amoeba, and many basal eukaryotes, but is absent from fungi and plants (unpublish data from gOrtholog).

Domain

PRL has a CC1 fold phosphatase domain followed by a consensus prenylation motif.

Function

PRL is short for Phosphatases of Regenerating Liver. There are three PRLs in human, PRL1, PRL2, PRL3 (PTP4A1-3), all of which have been identified as key contributors to metastasis in several human cancers [1, 2]. The molecular mechanisms of PRL phosphatases has been reviewed [3] in 2012.

PRL3 is implicated in cancer. For instance, deletion of PRL3 reduces clonogenicity and tumor-initiation ability of colitis-associated cancer cells in mice [4]. PRL3 (PTP4A3) independently predicts metastasis and survival in upper tract urothelial carcinoma treated with radical nephroureterectomy [5].

PTP4A3 has a number of protein substrates including ezrin [6] and p130cas [7]. All three human genes have activity against tyrosine-phosphorylated peptides [8].

References

1. Error fetching PMID 24632616: [tremblay14]
2. Error fetching PMID 16275986: [Von-Hoff06]
3. Error fetching PMID 22413991: [kohn12]
4. Error fetching PMID 24950307: [Cramer15]
5. Error fetching PMID 26070892: [Yeh15]
6. Error fetching PMID 18078820: [Forte]
7. Error fetching PMID 11355880: [Matter]
8. Error fetching PMID 12516958: [Pathak]