Difference between revisions of "Phosphatase Family PTEN"

Revision as of 03:25, 28 December 2014

Phosphatase Classification: Superfamily CCC1: Family PTEN

PTEN

PTEN subfamily

PTEN subfamily is named after its single member in human, PTEN, which acts as a phosphatase to dephosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PtdIns (3,4,5)P3 or PIP3). PTEN is one of the most commonly lost tumor suppressors in human cancer. It is found throughout eukaryotes (unpublished data from gOrtholog).

TPIP subfamily

TPIP subfamily is also known as Voltage Sensitive Phosphatase (VSP). It consists of a voltage sensor consisting of four transmembrane segments, in addition to phosphatase domain and C2 domain. It has two members in human, TPTE and TPTE2 (TPIP), but TPTE lost its catalytic activity. The subfamily is conserved in holozoan but absent from nematodes and most arthropoda. It usually has a single copy in each species, and the two human copies may arise through duplication after primate emerged.

Tensin subfamily

Tensin subfamily consists three tensins in human, Tensin-1, Tensin-3 and Tensin-2 (also known as C1-TEN). Tensin-4 is excluded since it does not have phosphatase domain. The subfamily is found mostly in holozoan. Amoeba may have tensin, as well.

Auxlin subfamily

Auxilin subfamily consists of two genes in human, DNAJC6 (Auxilin) and GAK. The subfamily is found mostly in metazoa.

Reference

1. Dickinson RJ and Keyse SM. Diverse physiological functions for dual-specificity MAP kinase phosphatases. J Cell Sci. 2006 Nov 15;119(Pt 22):4607-15. DOI:10.1242/jcs.03266 | PubMed ID:17093265 | HubMed [keyse06]
2. Reiterer V, Fey D, Kolch W, Kholodenko BN, and Farhan H. Pseudophosphatase STYX modulates cell-fate decisions and cell migration by spatiotemporal regulation of ERK1/2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jul 30;110(31):E2934-43. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1301985110 | PubMed ID:23847209 | HubMed [farhan13]
3. Mocciaro A and Schiebel E. Cdc14: a highly conserved family of phosphatases with non-conserved functions?. J Cell Sci. 2010 Sep 1;123(Pt 17):2867-76. DOI:10.1242/jcs.074815 | PubMed ID:20720150 | HubMed [schiebel10]