Phosphatase Subfamily Acr2

Phosphatase Classification: Superfamily Cys-based II: Family CDC25: Subfamily Acr2

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes use arsenate reductases of distinct folds. E. coli uses ArsC, which belongs to Superfamily Cys-based III, the same as LMWPTP and SSU72. Eukaryotes, particularly fungi, plants and protists, use ACR2 which have the same fold as CDC25 [1].

Arc2 in eukaryotes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Overexpressed in E. coli, ARR2, the ACR2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was shown to exhibit arsenate reductase activity and complement the arsenate-sensitive phenotype of an ArsC deletion in E. coli [1, 2, 3]. The Cx5R motif is required for its catalytic activity as arsenate reductase [4].

Pteris vittata (fern). The ACR2 of "Pteris vittata" (PvACR2) can suppress the arsenate sensitivity and arsenic hyperaccumulation phenotypes of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) lacking the arsenate reductase gene ACR2 [5]. However, PvACR2 is unique in that the arginine of catalytic motif Cx5R, previously shown to be essential for phosphatase and reductase activity, is replaced with a serine.

Reference

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