Phosphatase Subfamily PPP4C

Phosphatase Classification: Fold MTDP: Superfamily MTDP: Family PPP: Subfamily PPP4C

Evolution

PPP4C is found in opisthokonta and amoebazoa, often one copy per genome.

Domain

PPP4C has a single domain - phosphatase domain.

Functions

PPP4C, catalytic subunit of Protein Phosphatase 4 (PP4) holoenzyme, is closely related to PPP2C, the catalytic subunit of PP2A holoenzyme. Like PP1 and PP2A, holoenzyme PP4 consists of the catalytic subunit and one or two regulatory subunits. At least 6 different holoenzyme complexes have been found.

PP4 dephoshorylate the phophorylated histone 2A variant, γ-H2AX, a marker for DNA damage and cell-cycle arrest. Interestingly, PP2A also dephosphorylates γ-H2AX.

PP4 in C. elegans is involved in M prophase, perhaps through dephosphorylate SUN-1 protein that is normally phosphorylated during the transition zone and early pachytene [1].