Difference between revisions of "Phosphatase Subfamily PGP"
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PDXP (Chronophin) is abundantly expressed in brain <cite>Jang03</cite> (see also [http://www.gtexportal.org/home/gene/PDXP GTEx] RNA-seq data). PDXP has two distinct substrates. | PDXP (Chronophin) is abundantly expressed in brain <cite>Jang03</cite> (see also [http://www.gtexportal.org/home/gene/PDXP GTEx] RNA-seq data). PDXP has two distinct substrates. | ||
| − | * Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. PDXP was first identified as pyridoxal phosphatase, which catalyzes the dephosphorylation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxine 5'-phosphate. PLP is the active form of vitamin B6 that acts as a coenzyme in maintaining biochemical homeostasis <cite>Gao94, Jang03, Kim05</cite>. | + | * Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. PDXP was first identified as pyridoxal phosphatase, which catalyzes the dephosphorylation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxine 5'-phosphate. PLP is the active form of vitamin B6 that acts as a coenzyme in maintaining biochemical homeostasis <cite>Gao94, Jang03, Kim05</cite> and an important biomarker measures B6 status <cite>Ueland15</cite>. |
* Cofilin. PDXP dephosphorylates cofilin at serine, regulating assembly and disassembly of actin filaments <cite>Gohla05, Huang08, Kestler14</cite>. [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_Slingshot|slingshot]], also dephosphorylates cofilin. | * Cofilin. PDXP dephosphorylates cofilin at serine, regulating assembly and disassembly of actin filaments <cite>Gohla05, Huang08, Kestler14</cite>. [[Phosphatase_Subfamily_Slingshot|slingshot]], also dephosphorylates cofilin. | ||
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#Seifried14 pmid=24338473 | #Seifried14 pmid=24338473 | ||
#Tuleva98 pmid=9561742 | #Tuleva98 pmid=9561742 | ||
| + | #Ueland15 pmid=25974692 | ||
</biblio> | </biblio> | ||
Revision as of 20:20, 21 May 2015
Phosphatase Classification: Fold HAD: Superfamily HAD: Family NagD: Subfamily PGP
PGP is ubiquitous in eukaryotes and has been reported to act on both proteins and small molecules.
Evolution
PGP is found in most eukaryotes, typically in a single copy. Vertebrates encode two members: PGP and PDXP.
Domain
PGPs have a single HAD-fold domain.
Functions
PDXP (Chronophin) is abundantly expressed in brain [1] (see also GTEx RNA-seq data). PDXP has two distinct substrates.
- Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. PDXP was first identified as pyridoxal phosphatase, which catalyzes the dephosphorylation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxine 5'-phosphate. PLP is the active form of vitamin B6 that acts as a coenzyme in maintaining biochemical homeostasis [1, 2, 3] and an important biomarker measures B6 status [4].
- Cofilin. PDXP dephosphorylates cofilin at serine, regulating assembly and disassembly of actin filaments [5, 6, 7]. slingshot, also dephosphorylates cofilin.
In contrast with PDXP, PGP (AUM) is widely expressed in different tissues (see also GTEx RNA-seq data). PGP is a putative tyrosine-specific phosphatase [8], but its physiological substrates are unknown. It also has a conserved phosphoglycolate phosphatase activity.
The yeast PGP, PHO13, has serine phosphatase activity against histone II-A and casein [9], and also acts on the synthetic small-molecule substrate PNPP (para-nitrophenyl phosphate). Deletion of PHO13 increases expression of pentose phosphate pathway genes and allows more efficient use of xylose.
References
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