Phosphatase Subfamily DSP3

The subfamily DSP3 consists of five genes in human, DUSP3, DUSP13, DUSP26 (chr 8, also called MKP8, DUSP24), DUSP27 (chr 1), DUPD1 (chr 10, it has an alias of DUSP27). It is found in eumetazoan but lost in nematodes.

Phosphatase Classification: Fold CC1: Superfamily CC1: Family DSP: Subfamily DSP3

summary

Evolution

DSP14 subfamily emerged in eumetazoan and duplicated in vertebrates.

Domain

DSP14 subfamily has a single phosphatase domain.

Function

DUSP14 (MKP6) dephosphorylates TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), a member of MAPKKK, at Thr-187 within its kinase activation loop. Thus, DUSP14 negatively regulates TNF- or IL-1-induced NF-kappaB activation [1]. DUSP14 is widely expressed in different tissues with highest expression in skin tissues (see GTEx).

DUSP18 interacts with and dephosphorylates SAPK/JNK in vitro and in vivo. It does not dephosphorylate p38 or ERK1 [2]. USP18 was widely expressed in different tissues as evidenced by RT-PCR [3]. RNA-seq from GTEx shows a high expression in testis and pituitary, and a low expression in skeleton.

DUSP21 plays an important role in sustaining human hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation [4].

DUSP28 (VHP) is widely expressed in different tissues according to RNA-seq data from GTEx, but its function is unknown.