Phosphatase Subfamily SCP
Phosphatase Classification: Fold HAD: Superfamily HAD: Family FCP: Subfamily SCP (Small CTD Phosphatase)
SCP is named after Small CTD (carboxy-terminal domain, RNA polymerase II, polypeptide A) phosphatase.
Evolution
SCP is conserved from yeast to human. The SCP subfamily has three members in human, SCP1 (or CTDSP1), SCP2 (or CTDSP2), and SCP3 (or CTDSPL).
Domain Combination
SCP has a single phosphatase domain of HAD fold.
Functions
Human SCPs are present in neuronal progenitor cells and nonneuronal cells and targets neuronal genes by interacting with the REST/NRSF complex.
SCP1 (CTDSP1)
Human SCP1 prefers to dephosphorylate pSer5 at CTD [1]. See Phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain for other CTD phosphatases.
SCP1 also dephosphorylates c-Myc at Serine-62 which affects its stability in cancer cells [2].
The SCP1 is a transcriptional corepressor for inhibiting neuronal gene transcription in non-neuronal cells.
SCP3 (CTDSPL)
SCP3 dephosphorylates the linker sites of R-Smads to ensure TGFβ-mediated germ layer induction in Xenopus embryos [3].
References
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Links
Human CTDSP1, CTDSP2, and CTDSPL from NCBI Gene
