Phosphatase Subfamily PRL

Phosphatase Classification: Fold CC1: Superfamily CC1: Family DSP: Subfamily PRL (PTP4A)

Evolution

PRL subfamily is present in animals, amoeba, and many basal eukaryotes, but is absent from fungi and plants (unpublish data from gOrtholog).

Domain

PRL has a single domain: phosphatase domain.

Function

PRL is short for Phosphatases of Regenerating Liver. There are three PRLs in human, PRL1, PRL2, PRL3, all of which have been identified as key contributors to metastasis in several human cancers [1, 2]. The molecular mechanisms of PRL phosphatases is reviewed at here [3] in 2012.

PRL3 is implicated in cancer. For instance, deletion of PRL3 reduces clonogenicity and tumor-initiation ability of colitis-associated cancer cells in mice [4]. PRL3 (PTP4A3) independently predicts metastasis and survival in upper tract urothelial carcinoma treated with radical nephroureterectomy [5].

References

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