Phosphatase Family HP2

Phosphatase Classification: Fold HP: Superfamily HP (histidine phosphatase): Family HP, branch 2 (HP2)

The histidine phosphatase, branch 2 (HP2) family is found throughout eukaryotes. It has subfamilies that are protein phosphatases, non-protein phosphatases, and pseudophosphatases. See also Pfam PF00328. All subfamilies other than PPIP5K encode an N-terminal signal peptide or signal anchor, and many have a C-terminal transmembrane domain. One of its subfamily ACP2 can function as tyrosine protein phosphatase.

Subfamilies

ACP2: pTyr and small molecule phosphatase

The ACP2 subfamily is a protein phosphatase subfamily that usually has multiple copies per genome. Human has three copies with different tissue specificity. It is found in holozoa, ameobozoa, and some protists.

MINPP1: Ins5P and Ins6P phosphatase

A non-protein phosphatase found in a broad of eukaryotes, including most metazoa and amoebozoa. Known substrates include InsP6 and 2,3-BPG.

PXYLP1 (ACPL2): xylose phosphatase

The PXYLP1 (ACPL2) subfamily dephosphorylates xylose, a sugar, in the glycosaminoglycan-protein linkage region of proteoglycans [1]. It is widely found in bilateria.

PPIP5K: pseudophosphatase domain binding to PtdIns(3,4,5)P3

The PPIP5K subfamily has two domains: a pseudophosphatase domain which binds PtdIns(3,4,5)P3, and a kinase domain of the RimK superfamily, which converts InsP6 and 5-InsP7 to 1-InsP7 and InsP8. PPIP5K is found throughout eukaryotes; vertebrates usually have two copies per genome.

Cf60 is a pseudophosphatase found in many amoebozoa. The Dictyostelium discoideum cf60 encodes a secreted 450-kDa complex of proteins called counting factor (CF), through which Dictyostelium discoideum cells sense and regulate the size of groups and fruiting bodies using.

References

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